28 May, 2010

BlogLog of Our Kimberley By Boat Tour 29th May to 15th June, 2010

Link to photos
TO READ THIS POST SEQUENTIALLY (BY DATE), SCROLL DOWN TO 'START' AND READ TO BOTTOM, THEN SCROLL UP AT THE END OF EACH DAY
Tuesday 15th June
Weather cool and showery again. After some gift shopping we taxied to the airport. Our flight was an hour late due to headwinds for west bound inward flights. Heavy cloud all the way to St Vincent's Gulf. Water bodies were showing up clearly in the setting sun and we got a clear view of the solid body of water in the Murray after its sharp southerly turn in South Australia. I was reminded of the concept of Chris Hammer in his recent book on the Murray-Darling- "The River". He describes the Murray River, blocked off from the sea by The Barrages and fed by the upstream dams and Snowy diversions, as a "closed system". He goes on to say that as our early settlers were so disappointed that they didn't find the anticipated inland sea, they decided to create one!




Kimberley by Boat Tour



Monday 14th June
The first wet morning since we left Sydney 16 days ago. Took a walk up the Hay Street Mall before meeting Marjorie (my long-time Secretary) and Darryl Kelly for a ferry ride across to South Perth for lunch. Tried to find the house where we three Dalgety cadets lived in 1964, but subsequently discovered we were a few blocks short. Google maps shows the house and nearby church still there.



Sunday 13th June
A nice relaxed morning at our very comfortable McAlpine House before our 1:00PM 2.5 hour flight to Perth. Good views of Broome and surrounds on take-off including the Roebuck Plains marine plain country, which from the air looks like an old river delta. Then cloud cover for an hour or so before the skies cleared. All rugged looking country and I was reminded how good the eastern Australian pastoral country is by comparison. From 38,000 feet I only saw three station homesteads until we reached the clearly defined farming country. It is marked by an almost straight east/west line where the pastoral country stops and farming (cultivation) begins. By contrast with the sparcity of homesteads, I was surprised to see perhaps hundreds of mine sites in the pastoral country. I knew, of course, that WA was the mining state, but always imagined it was dominated by a limited number of very large mines, I was surprised at how many smaller mines were visible. Also noted several well developed, sealed, long airstrips. I really should have a better understanding of Australia's premier export industry!

On arrival at The Weld Club we heard what we thought were church bells. Quickly checked the internet and found St.George's Cathedral had a Choral Evensong scheduled to begin in 20 minutes. We spruced ourselves up and walked across the park to attend. Lovely singing and a fine "Address" on my favourite Ecclesiastes. We had an upmarket dinner at a very scruffy McDonalds before retiring early. Could have done without a 1:30AM phone call from Katie!

Saturday 12th June
We were picked up at 8:00AM by the Horizontal Falls people and driven to the airport. Our aircraft was a turbo-prop Cessna Caravan mounted on these huge floats with retractable wheels under the floats. A grotesque looking machine standing some twenty odd feet off the ground. I doubted it would ever get in the air. I volunteered to sit up the front in the co-pilot seat which was quite hard to get in to, but I was delighted and kept it throughout the fascinating trip. The aircraft with twelve passengers lifted off using surprisingly little strip. We flew north up the coast of the Dampier Peninsular at at only 1500 feet, over lovely looking white sandy beaches.We flew over James Price Point where the proposed gas processing plant is to go, and could see the Lacepede Islands in the distance. The pilot spoke glowingly of the successful Aboriginal Community at Lombadina before we landed on a bush strip at Cygnet Bay quite close to Cape Leveque and One Arm Point. We were taken on a tour of the Brown Bros. Pearl Farm and given lengthy explanations of the operation by a very tall, shapely guide;before a soft sell of pearls. In spite of my encouragement Gail again resisted.

We then took off again and flew due east and landed in Talbot Bay. Here we found the Orion with its new lot of passengers inspecting the Horizontal Falls. These "falls" are a feature of the huge 10 metre tides and the existence of two adjoining water bodies which can only be entered through narrow gaps. The tidal movements create a huge surge of water through the gaps as the water tries to equalise. The tide was dropping whilst we were there and the water on the inside, surging to get out appeared about one metre higher that that outside. There were all sorts of whirlpools and eddies on the downward side and entry was clearly very dangerous. Our "driver" went thru' both gaps several times and when on the upward slope of water enjoyed "hovering", I wondered what would happen if he had sudden engine failure! Afterwards I noticed that the boat was powered by two large ourtboards and he assured me that he had dual fuel lines. Sensibly the Orion Zodiacs did not attempt to get through. It was strange to see the familiar guides on the Zodiacs with their new passengers. We had a delicious lunch of baramundi on a house boat that doubled as a pier for the sea planes. The boat was surrounded by small fish with several sharks gorging themselves. One of the guides was sporting three heavily bandaged fingers as a result of a recent encounter with one of the sharks. When it grabbed him ( he was cleaning fish over the side) he had the presence of mind to enter the water with it so that he could get it to release his fingers rather than leaving them in its clamped shut teeth.

We flew back at 5,500 feet, over King Sound and got a great perspective of the area. We could see the Fitzroy River to the south, but could not actually sight Derby. A most interesting day capped by an enjoyable dinner at Matsos with the Farrars.


Friday 11th June
We rented a small vehicle and Alan Farrar accompanied us to Roebuck Plains, about half an hours drive from Broome. Met Station Manager, Doug Miller and was immediately impressed with his open, friendly, competent style. He took us on a drive through some of their best country, which was much better than I expected it to be, particularly what they call the marine plain (200,000 acres) much of which carries a good body of salt resistant couch grass. Roebuck is owned by an arm of the Indigenous Land Corporation. It is just under 900,000 acres and runs 11,000 Brahman breeding cows and some 24,000 head in total. Heifers are joined at a minimum of 280kgs. for eight weeks, but are given a second chance. Heifers get the best country and all cattle are pregnancy tested annually. Branding percentages for heifers are 86% and overall figure is 73%. The property has a staff of 15 permanents and usually has an additional 10 trainees. There is good ground water at around 20/30 metres and there are 38 solar powered sub-bores. Cattle are mostly sold as weaners to the live export market (Indonesias), where Doug says they receive Roma equivalent prices and better. Being so close to a major live cattle shipping port the property is strategically located and can take advantage of cargo completion demand. Whilst we were there they were trucking cows to Harvey south of Perth. A distance of 2,600 kms-costing $120/head. They have a problem with intruders and usually lose around 500 head of cattle per annum as"town killers".

On enquiring where his wife Sara came from, we discovered she was Tony and Jan Austin's daughter from Boggabri who we have met many times and who were very good friends to Gail's brother Barry and his late wife Jenny, when they lived at Boggabri. I never cease to be amazed at the "smallness" of rural Australia.

After a sleep and a swim in the Hotel pool Gail and I walked down to Matso's a boutique brewery come restaurant. Had a delicious sefood bisque and loved their Mango beer.


Thursday 10th June
We disembarked for the final time at 9:00AM and were delivered by bus to the very smart McAlpine House. Built by Lord McAlpine in an old tropical style it is now owned by one of the Paspaley's. We walked in the heat of the day down to the Boulevard Shopping Centre, had some lunch and purchased a "carry-on" bag to better manage our excessive luggage.

Approaching sunset we took a taxi to Cable Beach to watch the sunset. We then attended our final Art Gallery for an opening of new works by Aboriginal Artists before dining with some of the Orion passengers at a great fish restaurant. I am still meeting some of the passengers. Finally, met and chatted to Trevor Kennedy who I found most personable and interesting. He was born in Albany and worked as a journalist before pursuing a business career which included CPH and the Qantas Board. His wife Christina is the aunt of Doug Miller who manages Roebuck Plains cattle station which we are to visit tomorrow.

Wednesday 9th June
Overnight we tied up to the Broome pier. This very long structure is tightly secured and anybody entering or leaving is closely monitored. You are not allowed to walk along it. We attended another Art Gallery (The Bungalow) and some extensive purchases were made. Broome is a city of 15,000 people, but the population swells to over 40,000 at the peak of the tourist season. It has a busy feel about it, but also strikes you as a "frontier western town". A sense enhanced by a generous coating of red dust. I had to remind myself that we were actually in a coastal port.In the afternoon we did an optional Hovercraft tour which apart from being my first ride in a Hovercraft was of little interest. The machine steers like a vehicle with smooth tyres on a very wet slippery claypan. Apart from viewing some mud flats and mangroves we saw some dinosaur foot prints and were amused by a matter-o-fact, very direct young "pilot". Then at 5:00PM we were entertained by the Bardi Aboriginal Dancers from north of Broome. These dancers have travelled widely and were excellent. Gail was captivated. So as not to have too quiet a day we then left the ship to attend a cocktail party and a soft sell of Paspaley Pearls. In spite of my encouragement Gail was not in a mood to buy!

Tuesday 8th June
Weather wise, yet another magnificent day. When I walked out on deck at 6:00AM yesterday I was immediately hit by the warmth and strong smell of smoke. Apparently burning-off was going on to the south. Today the smoke was gone and the water was still a wonderful aqua/green colour.Today was packed with activity. A lecture from Colin Laverty on collecting aboriginal art. Colin and his wife are knowledgeable serious collectors and he is a great communicator. Clear, to the point and brief!

We are anchored off the The Lacepedes-four small, sandy islands, the home to massive bird life-in particular the Brown Booby. We explored them from the Zodiacs, but did not land.

Mid morning we were invited to a lecture by one of the guides on Climate Change. James Creswell has swallowed the alarmist line hook line and sinker and seemed oblivious to all of the recent dis-crediting of the IPCC and its contributing thermomaniacs. It really was unbalanced and way over the top. The concerning thing was that a large majority of those present agreed with him. It got too much for George Snow, a leading yachtsman (Brindabella) who was at Canberra Grammar School a few years behind me. His brother Michael was a year ahead of me. George took James on and was clearly very well read on the subject. I attempted to support him, but was taken on by those around me! Quite a controversy.

After lunch I had a look at the Bridge and all of the high powered electronics of a modern ship. In the evening we were entertained by the crew which was a little long and not particularly good!


Monday 7th June
Another day packed with interest and beauty. Overnight we headed further down the coast and anchored this morning in Doubtful Bay. We went ashore at Raft Point in the now very familiar manner and climbed up to a rock ledge which houses an aboriginal art gallery-wandjinas and bradshaws.

The ship then sailed closer to Montgomery Reef which is only exposed at lower tides. We inspected this from the Zodiacs. It was not my concept of a narrow reef, but a huge expanse of coral from which water (salt) was still cascading with the water at of just above the low tide level. Spring tides here have a 10 metre range, so our ship could sail right over it at high tides. The daily changes (tides) from wet to dry, encourage all sorts of wildlife as fish are trapped and birds have a field day. We travelled up a “river” within the coral in some very still (stagnant) water. We saw lots of large turtles in the water, and on the way back to the ship a large sea snake. Once again a nice little surprise when not altogether accidently we came across a tiny sand island with an Orion Flag and staff offering refreshments!

Then at sunset we again boarded the Zodiacs after the ship had repositioned itself near a place called Lanngi which is said to have great spiritual importance to the aboriginals. We entered a rock lined cove which at its point had a small waterfall.


Sunday 6th June
Overnight we sailed further south west and are now anchored in Prince Frederick Harbour. A glance out the cabin window reveals sharply rising hills and some cliff faces and on the nearest island an area of rain forest.


Later
What a great day! After breakfast we attended a lecture by two archaeologists who were doing a “dig” not far from Mitchell Falls. These two were flown in by one of the several helicopters that we were about to use. A most interesting lecture on Kimberley art, from an archaeologist’s viewpoint. We were then ferried to the nearby beach on Naturalist Island where we boarded a helicopter for Mitchell Falls. This bay is quite spectacularly beautiful with the water a lovely aqua green. On the helicopter trip we flew over the Mitchell Plateau at about 2,500 feet, had a great view of the falls from the air, before we landed and viewed them, after a short walk, from ground level. I had a swim in the Mitchell River above the falls where the water was fresh, but not excessively cold. Lovely views of the bay again before we landed back on the beach just across from where the Orion was anchored.

After lunch we headed off up the Hunter River on the Zodiacs in search of wildlife and to view the area from the water. Saw occupied Osprey nests, dolphins and finally a moderate size salt water crocodile. So far my impression is that birdlife is relatively scarce on the Kimberley coast. The scenery, particularly the red cliffs arising straight out of the water, was spectacular in the afternoon sun. The rain forest of which there is quite a lot in this area, is the result, not so much of the rainfall, but the presence of basalt soil. This would have to be my favourite spot on the Kimberley coast-so far.


Saturday 5th June
We are now anchored off Bigge Island on the north-west corner of the Kimberley Peninsular. We had a very choppy spray filled visit to the island in the Zodiacs to view some Wandjina rock art. Wandjina is a spirit god according to local aboriginal tradition. No photographs were allowed. A very geologically interesting island, with tides of around six metres. Great rock patterns and colours particularly from tide effects. A trip thru’ the rocks in an inland passage was a highlight.

Lots of different rock shapes with, to my imagination, overtones of Easter Island.

After lunch on board we attended a lecture by Professor Howard Morphy (husband of Frances) on Kimberley Rock Art. Morphy gains great credibility with me, because unlike our young, cocksure Orion guides, he readily admits uncertainty and ignorance where it exists. The dark theatre combined with the engine drone created soporific conditions and highlighted how tired this elderly collection of passengers have become. Whilst I was still awake, I glanced around and estimated that 33% of the “students” were asleep!

A little before sunset we again journeyed to another beach on Bigge Island, of great natural beauty, for the deferred “Captain’s Cocktails”. The “Pacific Princess” joined us in the bay, but moored out of sight so as not to spoil our feeling that we were the only people here? We had a lovely trip back to the Orion in fast fading light.

Friday 4th June
Overnight we sailed further west at the top of the Kimberley Peninsular and at 7:00AM anchored in Vansittart Bay. The red cliffs along the shoreline have largely disappeared and we look on to a much flatter landscape.

We attended a most interesting lecture by Frances Morphy on Kimberley Aboriginal languages. It was not without criticism of our bus drivers at Wyndham for referring to cattle men “taking up” pastoral leases. Frances saw this as a denial of the facts which she says, were that the land was “invaded” and the original landholders dispossessed and often killed! Subsequently, she referred to recent activity where Indigenous people were “taking up” pastoral leases and she lauded their ability to run them! Whilst the lecture was culturally most interesting as was the encapsulated “basis of languages”, as usual it set me thinking about how we improve the self-respect and living standards of aboriginal and part aboriginal people. I remain convinced that education and employment opportunities in economically sustainable businesses, is central to progress. Alcohol remains a major problem. The encouragement by the Whitlam Government to maintain “hunter gatherer” life styles has clearly been a disaster.

After lunch our group (titled the Grevillias-50% of passengers) took the Zodiacs across to Jar Island-so named because of the discovery of Indonesian jars on the island-to view quite a lot of so called Bradshaw art.

Thursday 3rd June
Awoke around 6:00AM and decided there was an urgent need to burn some calories! Met friends Allan Farrar and John Reynolds doing the same thing. John led me on his route march around the ship which included some deck changes via stairs. As we walked we noticed the ship bearing towards the land on our left (south-west). As we had breakfast we dropped anchor in the cove downstream of the King George waterfalls, near the northern extremity of the Kimberley Peninsular.

We “squibbed” the five hour trip on the Zodiacs (rubber duckies) which included a climb to the top of the falls, after dire warnings of how challenging the walk would be and settled for a ride on the tender up the cove to the foot of the falls. Spectacular scenery with steep red cliffs rising straight from the water. Words such as “grandeur”, “majestic”, even “awesome”, come to mind. A lovely feeling of remoteness and isolation, even if we did come across a Marine Research vessel anchored nearby and a yacht coming down the sound as we went up. It was further up the cove/sound to the falls than I imagined, but it was worth the trip. The climb for the walkers didn’t appear nearly as “challenging” as we had been told and we probably should have done it.

Near the foot of the falls we were plied with a glass of champagne (I drank Gail’s as well), before we headed back down the sound. Towards the open sea we had some excitement, as without warning the diesel motor stopped. We drifted quite some distance downstream, fortunately remaining in the middle of the sound, as futile efforts to re-start the motor were made. Two-way contact was made with the Orion. Firstly, the large Orion fishing boat got a rope to us as we came uncomfortably close to the rocks and held us in the protected waters until another tender arrived to which we fourteen passengers were transferred and returned to the Orion. Wonderful exaggerated stories of shipwreck and gallant rescue ensued. A lovely command from one quiet gentleman as we began the transfer-“abandon ship, men first!”

After lunch we slept deeply-our first real break, until we decided to take a walk around the deck to view the setting sunlight on the red cliffs. We ran in to Judy Watson’s art class which we managed to persuade Gail to join. She did some lovely water colours of the surrounding scenery.

Wednesday 2nd June
After some late re-arrangements mainly thanks to Sandra Forbes (Allan Farrar's wife), we were able to fly to the Bungle Bungles AND visit the Warmun Art Centre. What we did not know until we took off, nearly an hour later than expected, was that we were also to fly over  Lake Argyle and the Argyle Diamond Mine-a wonderful unexpected bonus. This would have to be one of the most interesting flights I've ever been on and to add to my pleasure (and view) I managed to get myself up front in the (unoccupied) co-pilots seat of the Airvan-an aircraft built in Morwell,Victoria.

The Kimberley country from the air is much as I expected. Red-brown hills with many rugged peaks and somehow to my mind looks the great age that it is. The Ord Dam is a surprisingly small structure when you consider the volume of water it stores. Obviously a perfect sight for a dam. Capacity is stated at over 10,000 megalitres which is twice the biggest (Eucumbene) in the south of Australia and its always nearly full. The literature says that under flood conditions it can hold three times this much? It is not so much the annual average rainfall received (32 inches), but the fact that it is concentrated over four to five months (the Wet).
The irrigation area is relatively small at14,000 green hectares. When the long discussed Stage 2, which is now underway, is completed it will still total less than 40,000 green hectares. Major crops are sandlewood, mangoes, chia, melons, grapefruit. Some is exported, but none from Wyndham it mostly goes via Perth.
Argyle Lake is a massive expanse of what appears to be mainly deep water and I hope my photos do it justice. The Argyle Mine is massive with half a mountain cut into. The Bungle Bungles are truly extraordinary, as is the fact that they really only came upon the Australian consciousness in the early 1980's. I wont try to describe them, but let our photos do the talking. We landed at Turkey Creek to view the Warmun Aboriginal Art Centre, which in contrast to Kununurra, was very well presented in a Closed Aboriginal Community. No access without permission, no alcohol, no photographs without permission (which was readily given). I don't feel adequate to comment on the art, but I am gradually developing an "eye". We were again presented with some traditional dancing preceded by a smoking ceremony-we had to walk thru' some eucalypt smoke, which was clean and refreshing and reminded me of how the Sydney North Shore used to be when we were all burning-off on a Sunday afternoon, before the Greenies took over!

We then had an interesting drive back to the moored ship on the Wyndham jetty, which took a bit over two hours. I appreciated the opportunity to see the country we had mostly flown over, from the ground.

Tuesday 1st June
Nice gentle rocking to sleep with a comforting engine drone in the background. Beautiful warm mild weather with a good weather forecast for the "Expedition", not allowed to call it a cruise! The water was a lovely clear aqua colour as we left Darwin. Now that we are well in to Joseph Bonaparte (otherwise known as "blown apart") Gulf the water is muddy and this got even browner as we entered the narrower Cambridge Gulf with all the rivers flowing into it.

We received yet another unnecessarily long briefing from the Chief Guide who confused everyone with too much information. After lunch and tying up at the Wyndham Jetty we were bussed to Kununurra via Wyndham township to visit the Warringarri Art Centre on the edge of town. This was poorly presented in terms of facilities and tidiness, but at the end of the day we witnessed a very authentic dance/corroboree performance. Most interesting with great rythum. Gail was entranced. Wingham is a battling little town of 800 people 70% indigenous. Kununurra, 120 kilometers south, is new and fresh and now has 8,000 people. Major industries are the irrigation and the Argyle Diamond mine.

Then back to the ship for a shower and late dinner. Very good dinner companions for the second night in a row in the form of Peter, a Macquarie Street dentist and his Canadian wife, Jan. Peter is obviously a very keen photographer with great equipment. Suggested he put his photos on a web album for us all to enjoy!

Monday 31st May
An early morning walk along the waterfront revealed the Orion coming in. Took many photos hoping I had the right boat, which proved correct. The local ABC Radio are quite categoric that the wet season ended and the dry season began last night, with the arrival of a gentle southerly wind. The change is about a month late.
As scheduled we met the rest of the NSW Art Gallery group at yet another Gallery. Some very substantial purchases were made (by others). We then toured the Supreme Court art collection before taking our by now familiar bus to the Museum and Art Gallery of the NT and then on to Charles Darwin University to see the indigenous exhibits and they provided a sandwich lunch. They also have a graphic printing business which we visited. At each of these venues we were given most interesting talks by enthusiastic, knowledgeable experts. A feature was the blending of the old and the contemporary in modern indigenous art. There were no extravagant claims or long standing cultural heritage although there certainly is a heritage of artistic work in a whole variety of forms in Aboriginal societies.

We did a lengthy bus run to collect luggage from endless hotels enroute to the wharf. First impressions on board, very favourable. Well presented relatively roomy cabin. Too many safety drills and a talkative chief guide who clearly likes the sound of his own voice. The Group are relating well and prospects look good. Sailed on schedule at 5:30PM and great views of Darwin in the setting sun, from the water. Also photographed a great sunset as we sailed off in to it. Dinner in the sumptuous large dining room was excellent.

Start
We set off on this long-planned trip by flying to Darwin tomorrow. Neither Gail nor I have ever been there. After working in four different states (Queensland, NSW, SA and WA), and having had national responsibility for the Dalgety branch network throughout Australia when I visited every single branch (bar one), and having had the opportunity to see much of the world; it strikes me as odd that I have never been to Darwin or the Kimberleys. However, that is about to be corrected.

The trip on the Orion has a focus on Aboriginal art, being sponsored by the Art Gallery of NSW. I have to admit having little interest in Aboriginal Art and a certain scepticism about the true heritage history all those dots.Namatjira did't paint like that. I wonder if that view will change as I become better informed?


Saturday 29th May
Awoke to discover that The Australian newspaper had finally run one of my letters with which I have been bombarding them, about the scandal of the Lower Lakes.

Cool and wet as we left Boyd Cottage in the capable hands of Ernst and Valda as we headed for the airport.
Cloud cover and some turbulence as we headed north-west. Very frustrating as we flew over the familiar western NSW country and couldn't see a thing. Thought I spotted the Cobar/Bourke road divide through the clouds just out of Nyngan, but didn't see the ground again until around Hungerford when it cleared. From then on we got great views. First of the distant Bulloo Overflow water way out to the west. We were on the wrong side of the aircraft to see Thylungra and Windorah, but got a great view of the Cooper Channels then Lake Yamma Yamma near Haddon Corner (cnr. of SA). You could actually see the green grass in the channels from 30,000 feet and I was reminded of someone saying to me recently that if it looks good from the air (he was talking about 3,000 feet) it is fabulous on the ground! After flying over Farrar's Creek we crossed the Diamentina where the channels (flood plain) were wider than the Cooper. We went right over the top of what I think was Monkira Station and saw lots of the Georgina Channels. This country is having a wonderful season and there is still water running in the main water course channels, but most of the flood water has receded leaving prolific growth and lots of full lakes. It really hits you just what enormous areas of land I am talking about and the distances. The Lake Eyre catchment runs right up to around Mt Isa and it makes you wonder why it doesn't get more water, until you think about how much dissipates in the flood runners and lakes; something the South Australians don't seem to understand in respect to those Queensland rains which theoretically run in to the Darling.

We flew along what I took to be the eastern side of the Barkly Tableland where I was surprised to see areas that had been flooded and which I took to be carrying a big body of feed. I must have a look at all this country on the ground before too long. We then ran into tropical like poor quality timber country as we passed Katherine and then the inevitable cumulus tropical clouds as we descended into Darwin. VERY humid and hot followed by a heavy downpour soon after we arrived. The "Mantra on the Esplanade", as the name suggests, looks out over a green park to the water-approaches to the harbour. Somewhat surprisingly it actually faces south as the Darwin CBD is on a peninsular which curls to the south.
The city is fresh and new, having been largely rebuilt following Cyclone Tracy on Christmas Eve 1974. At that time the population was only 48,000 people and all but 11,000 were evacuated to southern capitals prior to the rebuilding. Population has since grown to 120,000-still relatively small.
We went for a walk along the waterfront between showers and returned to the Mantra for an early dinner.

Sunday 30th May
After a too large breakfast we went looking for a Church and fortunately (?providentially) found the Anglican Christ Church Cathedral where the service was only ten minutes old-so we joined. Quite high church and we felt very much at home. The Cathedral a modern structure, was built after Cyclone Tracy amidst the gardens with much use of glass to bring the outside in. Only one arch of the old Church remains.
Met a guy who had been at Kings School with my Godfather's son John when I was jackerooing with my Godfather at Talwood. The Dean was the grandson of a former Bishop of Adelaide, but not the one who built the Etonia (a la Eton College) a boat which still plies the Murray and which I was able to locate for Adrian Swire.

We walked back past the Supreme Court,Government House, Parliament House and along the waterfront. These are all bright, relatively new buildings set in much greenery. It helps to have a fresh start-post Cyclone Tracy.We took the round trip on a tourist shuttle to visit the main sights of Darwin and precisely at the appointed hour we were picked up by the NSW Art Gallery organised bus to visit a private graphic printing business which works with indigenous artists across northern Australia to produce print editions of their work. I was particularly interested in firstly, how much the art work reflected true heritage and second what positive impact the enterprise has on building economic sustainability for the artists and their communities. The general impression in respect to the latter was not huge, but "every little bit helps".

We subsequently visited a number of Art Galleries where some of our number made purchases. Gail and I gave the market visit a miss and had a relatively early night after very slow service in the hotel dining area.
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05 May, 2010

Irrigation

Extract from an Email Exchange following last night's 7:30 Report. It sums up my basic position.
I just wish all of those irrigation knockers would get a better understanding of the massive variability of our rivers, the magnitude of the bigger events and the opportunity to have good sustainable economic activity, including irrigation AND good environmental outcomes. We need more storages to conserve a small proportion of water in the big events (actually quite a lot of water), but those storages must be efficient. "Efficient" basically means minimising evaporation (depth) and having the flexibility to allow medium and smaller flows to pass through.

04 May, 2010

ABC 7:30 Report

Tonight's 7:30 Report provoked the following response from me to the reporter, my friend Paul Lockyer, who has reported so well on all the water out west.

Dear Paul,
Tonight's 7:30 Report made my hair stand on end! The only more inefficient water storage than Menindee Lakes in the MD Basin is the Lower Lakes themselves. Consider this extract from my Blog:-

"The South Australian's claim that the dreadful condition of the Lower Lakes (Alexandrina and Albert) is due to extractions and lack of fresh water from upstream. No mention of the fact that under natural conditions the Lower Lakes were sometimes salty and sometimes fresh depending on fresh water flows, or lack of them, from upstream in Victoria, NSW, and Queensland. No mention of the impact of the building of "The Barrages" at the mouth of the lakes which converted the Lakes to all times fresh with the expectation that there would always be sufficient fresh water flows from upstream.

Under natural conditions with no dams in the Upper Murray catchment and no Snowy diversions, with the minimal run-off of the recent drought years, the Murray would have stopped flowing some three years ago. Salt water would have entered the Lakes and the lower reaches of the river itself as it always did under such dry conditions in the past, prior to the building of the Barrages. So it can be argued that the dire condition of the Lakes is largely a man-made problem.It is only the water stored in the Upper Murray dams, the Snowy diversions and restrictions on irrigation that have enabled the Murray to maintain any flow at all. The solution to the Lower Lakes problem lies downstream, not upstream."

Messrs. Kingsford and Young are well aware of this, but it apparently doesn't suit their agenda! There is an organisation based around Goolwa who are pushing for the opening up of the barrages and I asked their spokesperson why there was so much resistance and received this most insightful reply:-

"Good question David, not sure exactly, why the resistance to restoring the Lower Lakes to an estuarine ecosystem.

My feeling is that it is career suicide for anyone to come out with this option. And it is people with careers who are in charge of fixing this.

SA folk are going to feel as though they have lost the battle over water. When do you say, "Uncle"?

It would not go over well to be labelled the politician who gave up. I don't know of a single politician in SA who has stated they are in favour of the estuarine idea. In fact all the political parties have stated a 'freshwater only' official stance.

Given that the government has such a bias, then any scientist, civil servant or academic is treading on thin ice to say differently. Especially if they want that next contract, job or grant.

The local community advice groups consist of farmers, irrigators, and locals who either have vested interests in freshwater lakes, or don't want to change.

The water levels will most likely be lower than a full freshwater lake. When full the lakes are .7 meters above sea level. Most people have fixed jetties including the local marinas.

It is difficult and uncomfortable to be vocally in favour of the death of a freshwater ecosystem that for most people is the only ecosystem they've known in the region."

There is only a small irrigation industry which draws on the Lower Lakes. There is a sensible proposal to build a weir upstream at a place called Wellington and pipe water to the irrigators from there.

I had a fly over the Darling,  Warrego,  Paroo, the Bulloo Overflow and the Cuttaburra Basin last Sunday week. Full report on my blog-http://davidboydsblog.blogspot.com

Best wishes,
David

Australian Irrigation Misunderstandings

Arguably the world's leading weekly, "The Economist" recently ran an article on this subject. A well informed commentator wrote the following comment.
"There are great misunderstandings about Australia's water/irrigation situation. I contend that 90% of current water problems are the result of drought and around 10% mismanagement and over-allocation. It is disturbing to see Ken Henry so misinformed. Allocating water to the Lower Lakes (an estuarine system at the mouth of the Murray River converted in to a highly inefficient fresh water storage principally for recreation)and storing water in the shallow Menindee Lakes are issues which should be addressed.The Government buying water entitlements when there is no water, will do nothing for our rivers in drought times and only restrict production when there is plenty of water around. Remember Australia's river flows are massively variable and water is dynamic, it runs to the sea or it evaporates, it doesn't wait for you.In the present drought if it was not for the big dams in its headwaters,the Snowy River diversions and severely limited irrigation extractions, the Murray River would have stopped flowing three years ago. Australia needs more storages, but they must be efficient(deep)and highly flexible to allow medium and smaller flows to pass.They would store water by taking the top off the big events. These events are totally irregular, but surprisingly frequent-just like what has happened in the Darling catchment since Christmas.The governments purchase of the famous Toorale Station to save its water extractions, has proven a great waste of taxpayer's money. Had Toorale been operating since Christmas it would have extracted 0.4% of the flow in the Darling. $23.75m for 0.4% of the flow!!!"

28 April, 2010

Bourke Show Visit - Travel Log

Thursday 22nd April,2010
After discovering the BMW had a flat battery, I finally set off from St Ives at 12 midday and drove straight to Dubbo. Only took 4.5 hours with one stop for a McDonald's hamburger in Mudgee.

The Dubbo visit was focussed on the Clyde alumni. I stayed with former Toorale and Pier Pier Managers, David and Robin Englert, in their very comfortable home. A nicer couple you would not find. They both have lived in the bush all of their lives and have four grown up sons. They have great values and understand how the corporate pastoral scene operates. Robin's father was a Station Manager and David (a solicitor's son from West Wyalong), was a long time employee of the old Scottish Australia Company (SACO). He and I first met in the back bar of Bourke's "Fitz's Hotel" (Fitzgeralds Post Office Hotel) in 1960. I was 19 at the time and a very junior employee of Dalgety, David was a jackeroo (or Overseer) on Moombidary Station over the Queensland border, west of Hungerford. I often say that that bar is where I learned to drink!

David was the first Station Manger recruited by Clyde after Swire's took over from Dudley Dunn in 1988 and he and Robin played a big part in establishing the Company's caring culture in those important formative years. They were great mentors for young staff and also had considerable success with recruitment, including Tony and Michelle McManus who later managed Toorale.

We had dinner at the new Chinese Restaurant within the Macquarie Club, with former Clyde staff the Englerts, Tony and Michelle McManus (Wingadee and Toorale until its tragic sale to the Government in 2008)and Bob and Fran Ellis (Merrimba). The Ellis' had a long connection with our family thru' our respective fathers. Both worked for the old AML&F Company and Dad was Bob's father's best man in 1943, only six years before Dad's premature death from Hodgkins Disease. A very enjoyable evening.

Friday 23rd April
Drove to Bourke via Coonamble and Walgett. Ever since Sydney the country looks quite magnificent with a huge body of summer grasses.Clyde are not encouraging visitors as they enter the sensitive selling period, so I did not call on any of the Coonamble Stations, but I did have a good look at the wonderful Wingadee, which is traversed extensively by public roads! As you would expect it is in peak condition. I was particularly impressed with how well the Bambatsi panic has finally established itself in Lower Bullock and the Nursery Paddocks in the Castlereagh River flood country. Three wet summers have helped. It is notoriously hard to establish, but great once it gets a go on. On the negative side, the regrowth of dogwood in the country we cleared in Rheeces Paddock is alarming.

The country gets even greener and lusher as you approach Brewarrina. There has clearly been a push to lift presentation of the Brewarrina township. Some smart new signage as you approach and the town was better presented than I have seen it for some years.

I called on Murray and Skye Bragg who are now managing Beemery Station for the new owners-the Nugent family now of Glen Innes, but formerly of Tambo. Murray and Skye have moved to the Yambacoona (Beemery add-on) homestead, as for reasons unknown, the Beemery homestead, cattle yards, main shearing shed and quarters have all been located on the Beemery Cotton Farm which was subdivided from the rest of the Station, as Clyde wished to retain it! Why this was done goodness only knows as the whole Beemery Station homestead complex was established to service a sheep station not an irrigation operation, which has its infrastructure, including housing, closer to the developed fields. In any event the Nugents are lucky to have the services of the Braggs and they have got off to a wonderful start with a spectacularly good season,a full complement of livestock, rumoured to have been bought very cheaply from Clyde. The Beemery flock of some 12,000 Egelabra blood classed ewes is a wonderful asset in the current sheep price boom. I recall with some sadness how excited the then Clyde management were when we were able to purchase Beemery from the Russell family (Logan Downs Pastoral Co.) in 1994. It is recognised as one of Bourke's very best grazing properties and had extensive water licenses.

The  Beemery Cotton Farm, which Clyde have retained, is undoubtedly the best cotton development on the Barwon/Darling with the great benefit of deep storages and great soils. It took eight years to get the approvals (for the water storages-the irrigation licenses were already in place) from the NSW Government and I have often attributed my very grey hair to the frustrations of dealing with dark green bureaucrats over the Beemery development. These bureaucrats made an art form of the saying that "delay is the most insidious form of denial". The whole matter is worthy of a book in its own right. Whilst it was going on I read Tony Grey's book on the Jabiluka uranium mine. It was good therapy, as it made me realise that I was not the first person to endure the delights of dealing with those who think they know better than their political masters and wish to  block those who want to create wealth, pay tax and generate economic activity to the great benefit of all concerned. There were times when I felt these resistors of progress should have been tried for treason!

I arrived in Bourke in time for a drink with Richard Turner, former Clyde GM -Pastoral, and dinner with Geoff and Anne Wise at the Port of Bourke Hotel. Very familiar territory as this pub was until about two years ago owned by Clyde.

Geoff Wise, a veterinarian by training, is the General Manager of the Bourke Shire, having previously been the Regional Director of the Department of Land and Water Conservation and the Western Lands Commissioner. He was a valuable member of the Darling Matilda Way Sustainable Region Advisory Committee which I chaired. How lucky Bourke is to have this high calibre couple as enthusiastic residents.

Also present at the Hotel were most of the stud breeders offering rams at tomorrow's sale. I have often noted that Bourke's merino ram sale, run in conjunction with the Show, is one of the few sales you can go to where the breeders from the three dominant medium and strong wool stud breeding areas are represented-the Macquarie Valley,the Riverina and South Australia. It was not an early night.

Saturday 24th April
The crowd at the Bourke Show was below expectations, although I still saw lots of people I knew. The local grazing fraternity are a fine group who relate well to each other and I much enjoy their company. Les Walsh from Landmark (formerly Dalgety) who I have known for 47 years and who was a key player in Clyde operations, as our local agent, hosted a dinner at the "Pub" that evening.
Not entirely by accident I met Tim Lee from ABC Landline (Victoria) who was keen to do a TV interview for running on a future Landline programme. Tim proved a most interesting and intelligent companion and he joined Les,Nick Wadlow (my friend Rob Ashby's son-in-law from Old Ashrose in S.A.)and a friend of his Craig, for a most enjoyable dinner.

Sunday 25th April
Following all of the recent rain, particularly in south-western Queensland there is a huge amount of water coursing down the western rivers and I was keen to have a look at this from the air.
We had arranged a flight in a high wing light aircraft for today, so I was alarmed to hear some showers of rain on the roof overnight.The day dawned showery and overcast and prospects did not look good. We had some misgivings embarking on this venture on what was Anzac Day. At 5:45AM Les Walsh and I attended a small moving Dawn Service at the Bourke War Memorial in Central Park. I recalled that in the small rotunda at this same park the Queen and Prince Phillip were officially welcomed to Bourke a few years ago.

Our pilot and the aircraft owner was to be John Oldfield from Belalie Station a man in his mid-seventies who knows the back country very well from the air, and the aforementioned Les Walsh, who has been in Bourke for some 40 years and knows the country very well at ground level.

After nearly giving it away, the weather looked better to the south-west so we decided to change our proposed route and go for a fly down the Warrego on Toorale and then decide whether it was worth going on. The three of us finally took off about 10:00 AM and headed for Boera Dam on Toorale. The dam was still spilling to the south west, the pipes were open and the left bank bywash was running. The banks which stop the spilled water from running back to the river have been over-topped in several places and there was plenty of water running back into the river.

I felt quite sick at seeing all of the improvements we had made to this great property falling in to disrepair. The new cattle yards,new shearing shed,three new houses,lots of ponding, all of the laser levelled fields and cotton farm roads and channels-all looking sad and neglected.The whole episode is a tragedy with the current flood demonstrating the main feature of this Station. I just hate waste from every perspective and  I don't think the Clyde management had any real understanding of what enormous waste was involved in selling Toorale to the Government to become a National Park.

The Homestead Dam is seriously breached and I understand there is no intention of carrying out repairs to this or the over-topped banks.Ross' Billabong has been running from the Darling and this water has met with the Warrego mainstream water creating a huge lake. Henry Lawson wrote a very colourful piece of prose describing Ross' Billabong and how it sometimes runs from the Darling to the Warrego and sometimes from the Warrego to the Darling. We also flew over the old shearing shed where Lawson worked as a "rouse-about" in 1892
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The Warrego is carrying a big stream to the Darling at the main junction.Downstream on Talowla the Little Warrego is also carrying a stream of the spilled water which over flowed at Boera. For a full description of how the system works click here.

From Toorale we flew down the Darling to Louth and decided to abandon our plans to go all the way to Wilcannia to view the Paroo/Darling junction/s, but rather to fly due west over the Paroo/Cuttaburra water and then follow the Paroo upstream to Wanaaring.

As we flew down the Darling on Anzac Day I recalled that our famous war historian C.E.W. Bean, who did so much to create the Anzac tradition, also immortalised the Darling River in Australian history with his newspaper reports for the Sydney Morning Herald in 1909 which later formed two books-'On the Wool Track' and the 'The Dreadnought of the Darling'. The "Dreadnought" was the "Jandra" a modern replica of which plies the Darling weir pool to this day.His exposure to the Australians of the Darling  did much to form his views on their characteristics and the  reasons they made such good soldiers and this was carried in to his writings of their deeds from Gallipoli. The modern day leading political journalist Michelle Grattan has written a modern version of the first book-'Back on the Wool Track' to which I was able to make a small contribution and in which Toorale features.

The Paroo/Cuttaburra water was not as spectacular as I imagined it would be, and we flew right across it from east to west, flying over the Tongo homestead and Tongo Lake before heading north. In this area the water spreads widely into lots of "flood runners" and lakes.I think the main body had gone through, but I doubt that it will make a big contribution to the Darling. From Wanaaring we flew north/west over Peter Hughes Thurloo Downs homestead and then due west over Delalah Downs old house into the Bulloo Overflow country.This was one of the most spectacular things I have seen.Literally hundreds of thousands of acres covered in shallow water.Delalah Downs has an area of some 660,000 acres of which one third can be inundated from Bulloo water. Along with Thurloo Downs, Peter Hughes has 1.3mil acres, making him the biggest landholder in N.S.W. Gail and I have know him since he and his late wife Janet were good friends when we were first married and living at Nyngan in 1966. The Bulloo Overflow looked as I imagine Lake Eyre to look, with a distinct difference that it is not salty and it is beautiful soft soil which will explode with growth as the water dries back.We  flew in a wide turn over almost continuous water until we struck the Queensland/NSW border before heading east along the border fence. This is BIG country and even in an aircraft it seems to tale a long time. We flew over Hamilton Gate, Merintu, and Moombidary, crossed the now much smaller Paroo below Hungerford and south west to the Cuttaburra Basin, another famous water body. The Cuttaburra Creek comes out of the Warrego just below the Cunnamulla weir and these days carries much more water than the Warrego. The basin is a huge area of land north of Yantabulla which is wonderful cattle fattening country and a notable bird breeding area.

From here we headed back to Bourke over Ford's Bridge, the flight having taken just on four and a half hours.
I count myself very fortunate to have flown with two such knowledgeable companions which meant that this trip lived right up to my high expectations. Between them John and Les identified every single homestead we flew over.

Tim Lee wanted to do a TV interview with me for Landline, this morning, but postponed it because of the poor light in the overcast weather. However, it was now a bright afternoon and we proceeded with this interview in the garden at the Riverside Motel. This Motel is of a very high standard in a group of historic buildings and is beautifully presented amidst a magnificent garden. It is a great asset for Bourke and a great credit to the owners John and Sipha Hickson.

One of the issues discussed in the TV interview was the recent unheralded action by the NSW Goverment to lower the 'cap' on annual water extractions from the Barwon/Darling by a further 17% from 173 gigalitres to 143 gigs. This follows the cut of entitlements a few years ago of 67% from 523gigs. This action is truly outrageous given the "rubbery" nature of the figures and the agreement with the NSW Government that the 173 figure was an interim minimum and would be revised upwards when the figures were firmed up as a result of the review of the model they were using. A committee was established to carry out this review and for some reason it has never completed its work. I was asked to attend a meeting of the Mungindi/Menindee Advisory Council at Walgett tomorrow to agree a course of action by the irrigators and concerned local citizens.

Following a much needed 'nap' I had a most enjoyable dinner with Les and Frances Walsh in the "Dalgety White House" (now their very comfortable home), where I have been many times before. One of the nice things about getting older is all of the past experiences shared with long term friends, and the bond this provides and enrichment it gives to good conversation. A most enjoyable evening and as usual great tucker from a gifted cook (Frances).

Monday 26th.April
I gave former Mayor and long term friend Wayne O'Mally a lift across to Walgett and we shared much information on a two hour drive. It reminded me of the old agency adage-if you want to get to know a client better-take him on a trip somewhere.

The meeting at Walgett was very well conducted by Chairman Ian Cole and was attended by the State and Federal M.P.s Kevin Humphries and Mark Coulton. Geoff Wise briefed the meeting on the extraordinary method used by the State Government, the Murray Darling Basin Authority (MDBA) and the Independent Audit Group (IAG) to calculate the applicable 'cap' on irrigation extractions in each year. I wont try to explain it, because it is incomprehensible! It was always my understanding, and I was involved in all of the negotiations leading up to the signing of an MOU, which established the 173 gig figure as the interim minimum, that the model was to be used to establish the 'cap' and extractions would be simply the actual measured extractions. It now seems that somehow or other what the extractions should be in any particular year is also a modelled number and it is in comparison with this modelled number that the claim is made that the Barwon/Darling is exceeding'cap'. Frankly, I don't understand it, nor did anyone else present. I made a brief comment which covered four points:-

  • We were dealing with  whether the 'cap' should be somewhere between 143 and 250 gigs.(when river heights were sufficient for any pumping at all), from a river which had an average annual flow past Bourke of 2500 gigs.Whatever figure was finally agreed, that did not seem an excessive impost in seeking a reasonable balance between  environmental and socio-economic objectives.
  • The only basis for what the 'cap' should be was the wretched NSW model, which was admitted to be very "rubbery" and this was used by the three parties ie NSW Government,MDBA and the IAG
  • The 173gig figure was always intended as an interim number whilst the model was being validated/corrected and was also to be the minimum. The MOU clearly states that the final figure would be in the range of 173 to 250 gigs
  • There was an agreement that in philosophical terms, that at the various forums (particularly MDBA and COAG) the NSW Government would ,with irrigator support,strongly seek the maximum defensible 'cap' compared with the dark green attitude of wanting a low figure. They need to take a leaf out of the Queensland Government approach.
I was nominated to a Committee to meet with the Minister to discuss the matter at an early date, in spite of my protests that I no longer had any formal representational base.

Here is a link to all the photos I took on this trip.

21 April, 2010

Water Management-Facts and Myths

My friend, noted economist, David Trebeck recently gave what I think is the best paper on the general subject of water that I have read. Here is the link I commend it to you.

12 April, 2010

Australian Wool Industry

Attendance at yesterday's RAS Sheep and Wool Show Opening reminded me that I had never recorded the speech I was invited to deliver at the same event two years ago. It seems that it remains relevant to this great industry.

2008 SYDNEY ROYAL SHEEP AND FLEECE SHOW OFFICIAL OPENING
Acknowledgements:
President RAS- Rob Vickery (and Tina)
Chairman Sheep and Wool Committee- Robert Ryan
President NSW Stud Merino Breeders Association- Rob Lindsay-
President Australian Stud Sheep Breeders Association Ltd (NSW)-Ian Cameron
GM Agriculture RAS- Sue White

Ladies and Gentlemen
I am indeed very honoured to be asked to perform this task. Sheep and wool have played such a special place in Australia’s history both in economic and cultural terms.
It is great to be amongst so many friends and such magnificent animals and fleeces.

I am mindful of the platform this official opening has provided for the airing of some of the great issues that have beset the merino section in particular, of the wider sheep industry.
(I could have referred to destructive internecine warfare, but I thought better of that.)

What I would like to do in these few minutes is to share with you some broad observations covering the merino, meat and dual purpose sections of the overall “Sheep industry”. I am mindful that this is not only a merino Show.

Even that segmentation (merino,meat and dual purpose) is misleading as it infers that merinos are not meat sheep. The facts are, however unintended, many merino breeders/woolgrowers over the last decade or so, have been principally in the meat business at least until the last year or so, when we have seen better wool prices.
This fact has been well recognised by the NSW Stud Merino Breeders when they introduced the Merino Wether Lamb Challenge within the annual Dubbo Show and Sale-a very appropriate and innovative initiative.

The thinking and attitudes of all of us are greatly influenced by our individual experiences. In my case, twenty-eight years as an employee of Dalgety, what used to be known as a “Pastoral House” or a “Woolbroker”, then nineteen years with Clyde have left their mark.

According to the media Clyde is Australia’s largest woolgrower and its fourth largest cotton grower (when we have any water). (I understand we run number seven with wheat and are one of the largest beef producers in NSW, but are not in the big northern Australian beef league).

Clyde runs 120,000 merino breeding ewes with 12,000 of these on Pier Pier at Coonamble, being joined to Borders. The tops of the Ist X ewe lambs from Pier Pier go to Wirribilla at Walcha where we run 10,000 Ist Border/ Merino X ewes which are joined to Dorsets. Thus the Company has considerable exposure to the wool and sheepmeat markets and a vital interest in the future of these industries.

We spent a not so small fortune in feeding our breeding ewes through the drought, being mindful of the massive drop in sheep numbers and the fact that the merino ewe is the cornerstone of both the wool and meat sheep industries.

Our management focus is on driving down unit costs of production. I believe that we producers can only have limited influence on consumer markets in the great population areas of the world and our main focus needs to be on the things we can control or influence.
In this regard the work the specialist meat breeds have done on genetics and nutrition over recent years, coupled with the development of export markets (lamb to U.S. in particular) has been one of the great success stories of Australian agriculture.

The merino segment has often been criticised for its lack of productivity increases. However, considerable progress has been made, particularly in producing more wool of lower micron on larger animals. This real progress is masked in the aggregate figures. You could not fail to be impressed when you look at the wool quality and quantity on the magnificent animals you see around us here today.

More needs to be done to reduce wool harvesting costs, not to mention the urgency of developing practical mulesing alternatives. In the short term, whether the intradermal approach or the use of clips proves the way to go, I’m not sure. What I am confident of, is that with the current pressures the industry will find a way. Longer term, surely a genetic solution will be developed-whether that be producing bare-bottomed sheep (with plenty of wool elsewhere) or genetically developing infertile blowflies, remains to be seen. I don’t think Australia would be the poorer if the blowfly entered the threatened species list, although there would no doubt be a dark green group somewhere which would find cause for complaint. After all we now have people in Victoria trying to have the dingo declared a threatened species.
Australia produces 60/70% of the world’s apparel wool-the only broadacre industry where Australia is the dominant world producer. So it is vitally important that we have a vibrant, innovative sheep industry led in genetic terms by the stud breeders.

Whilst agriculture continues to grow in absolute terms, this growth has been tiny compared with the massive growth of our minerals and energy sector. Agriculture remains a significant contributor to our export income.

However, Australia’s ever increasing urbanisation means that agriculture is an area of considerable mystique to much of our population and is faced with a very real communications challenge in “selling” its benefits to the broader Australian populace. It is events such as the Royal Easter Show, which provide a wonderful opportunity to take up this challenge.

All too often agriculture is seen as environmentally damaging and yesterday’s business, with the wool industry in particular singled out for much criticism. How frequently do we hear the criticism, often from people who ought to know better, that all we have done in Australia is apply inappropriate European agricultural methods to a land we did not understand? This is truly insulting to our forbears, let alone to some of the world’s very best agricultural scientists.

Our forebears quickly identified the fact that merino sheep thrived, particularly in our arid and semi-arid areas and could produce top quality wool. I have always been impressed by the way our early stud breeders identified the Riverina and the Macquarie as areas where merinos would thrive and set up their studs there, so soon after white settlement.

As for being yesterday’s business, reflect on the fact that over the last 15 years, in the face of generally low prices, but with premiums for finer wools, and throw in the worst drought in Australia’s recorded history, the industry has adapted by halving the total sheep flock whilst doubling the production of wools 19micron and finer. I am not talking in % terms, but in absolute quantities.

What happened to the salinity beat-up (at least in Eastern Australia) of a decade ago? Now the negative focus is on “climate change” and the fact that we will have variable seasons. I wonder what some of these evangelists think we have been dealing with for the last 200 years?

I was much impressed with the wheat farmer on a recent Four Corners programme who when asked about climate change quite innocently responded “we definitely had that-it is always highly variable and is always changing”!

With those few observations let me conclude by simply saying-
The stud breeders of Australia of all commercial animals carry a huge responsibility to lead the way with genetic improvement. They stand at the top of the genetic pyramid and lead the industry on the genetic front.

It is imperative that they remain open-minded and embrace relevant science and technology that contributes to the need to produce ever more productive animals.

I congratulate all of the exhibitors on the quality we see before us both in the sheep and fleeces and I have great pleasure in declaring the 2008 Sydney Royal Sheep and Fleece Show officially open.

David Boyd
29.03.08